Eric Hughes埃裡克·休斯數學家 /《密碼朋克宣言》作者
中文譯本由 ETHFANS阿劍翻譯，全都是空氣經授權發表
A Cypherpunk's Manifesto
隱私權是一個社會在數字時代維持其開放性的必要條件。隱私權不等於守密權（secrecy）。隱私是你不想公開給全世界知道的事情，而秘密是你不想讓任何別人知道的事情；換言之，隱私關乎的是選擇性自我呈現的權力。
Privacy is necessary for an open society in the electronic age. Privacy is not secrecy. A private matter is something one doesn't want the whole world to know, but a secret matter is something one doesn't want anybody to know. Privacy is the power to selectively reveal oneself to the world.
（資訊被拿出來討論是無可阻止的事。）如果兩方達成了某種協議，那麼每一方都會有他們自己對這場互動的印象，他們還可言說這種印象；誰能不讓他們說話呢？有人說可以訴諸法律，但是，言論自由比隱私權更為根本，乃是開放社會的基石；我們都希望儘可能少去限制言論，甚至不要作任何限制。而且，如果多方在同一個論壇裡討論，每個人都可以向其他人自由發聲，並彙集起對其他個體和立場的瞭解。電子通訊的力量已經讓這樣的群組討論成為了現實，不可能僅僅因為我們的一廂情願而消失了。
If two parties have some sort of dealings, then each has a memory of their interaction. Each party can speak about their own memory of this; how could anyone prevent it? One could pass laws against it, but the freedom of speech, even more than privacy, is fundamental to an open society; we seek not to restrict any speech at all. If many parties speak together in the same forum, each can speak to all the others and aggregate together knowledge about individuals and other parties. The power of electronic communications has enabled such group speech, and it will not go away merely because we might want it to.
在這樣的電子通訊時代，說我們要實現隱私權，等於是說要保證參與各方只擁有相關交易所必需的資訊和了解。但是如上所言，任何資訊都可能被人拿出來討論，所以我們要保證的是儘可能少地公開資訊。在大多數情況下，交易雙方都不需要知曉對方的個人身份。比如我要在便利店裡買份雜誌並且使用現金付款，店員就不需要知道我是誰。還比如我要讓電子郵件服務商幫我收發訊息，我的服務商也不需要知道我在跟誰聯絡、我說了什麼、別人又給我說了什麼；他只需要知道如何獲取訊息，以及我欠他多少費用。但如果我的身份會被交易的底層機制公開，所有的隱私權也就煙消雲散了：我不能選擇性地公開我自己，我只能始終暴露我的全部。
Since we desire privacy, we must ensure that each party to a transaction have knowledge only of that which is directly necessary for that transaction. Since any information can be spoken of, we must ensure that we reveal as little as possible. In most cases personal identity is not salient. When I purchase a magazine at a store and hand cash to the clerk, there is no need to know who I am. When I ask my electronic mail provider to send and receive messages, my provider need not know to whom I am speaking or what I am saying or what others are saying to me; my provider only need know how to get the message there and how much I owe them in fees. When my identity is revealed by the underlying mechanism of the transaction, I have no privacy. I cannot here selectively reveal myself; I mustalwaysreveal myself.
因此，開放社會中的隱私權需要匿名的交易系統。直至此時，現金仍是首要的匿名系統。匿名交易系統並不是一個隱秘的交易系統，它只是讓個人可以在且僅在有必要時公開自己的身份，這就是隱私權的本質。開放社會中的隱私權也呼喚密碼學。我並不想讓不相關的人知曉我的言論。但如果我的言論內容總是公開給全世界的，我也就沒有了隱私權。加密本身即是表達對隱私權的渴望，而使用較弱的密碼學只是表示對隱私權需求（暫時）不那麼強烈而已。更進一步地說，在預設匿名的系統中可靠地證實某個人的身份，需要密碼學簽名技術。
Privacy in an open society also requires cryptography. If I say something, I want it heard only by those for whom I intend it. If the content of my speech is available to the world, I have no privacy. To encrypt is to indicate the desire for privacy, and to encrypt with weak cryptography is to indicate not too much desire for privacy. Furthermore, to reveal one's identity with assurance when the default is anonymity requires the cryptographic signature.
我們不可能指望管制系統、公司或其它大型的立場曖昧的組織會給我們賞賜隱私權。掌控我們的資訊是他們的利益所在，對此不必心存僥倖，要阻止他們的言論就是同資訊的本質作鬥爭。資訊不僅希望自由流動，它簡直渴求自由，它要填滿所有可用的儲存空間，它比謠言更為年輕也更為強大，如百足之蟲、如百眼巨人、遍及更多領域，卻比謠言更少真知。
We cannot expect governments, corporations, or other large, faceless organizations to grant us privacy out of their beneficence. It is to their advantage to speak of us, and we should expect that they will speak. To try to prevent their speech is to fight against the realities of information. Information does not just want to be free, it longs to be free. Information expands to fill the available storage space. Information is Rumor's younger, stronger cousin; Information is fleeter of foot, has more eyes, knows more, and understands less than Rumor.
如果我們真的想要隱私權，就必須自己爭取！我們必須聯合起來，創造支援匿名交易的系統。幾百年以來，人們一直在用耳語、幽暗、信封、密室、秘密手語和通訊員來保護他們的隱私。這些過往的技術都無法實現健全的隱私權，但數字技術可以。
We must defend our own privacy if we expect to have any. We must come together and create systems which allow anonymous transactions to take place. People have been defending their own privacy for centuries with whispers, darkness, envelopes, closed doors, secret handshakes, and couriers. The technologies of the past did not allow for strong privacy, but electronic technologies do.
我們密碼學朋克以開發匿名系統為使命。我們用密碼學、匿名電郵系統、數字簽名和電子貨幣來保護自己的隱私！
We the Cypherpunks are dedicated to building anonymous systems. We are defending our privacy with cryptography, with anonymous mail forwarding systems, with digital signatures, and with electronic money.
密碼學朋克也會寫程式碼。我們知道，有些人不得不編寫軟體來保護隱私權；因為非此不足以捍衛隱私權，所以我們要寫程式碼。我們會公開我們的程式碼，讓後來者試用和改進，而這些程式碼會公開給所有人自由使用。如果人們看不上眼，我們也不會糾結。因為我們知道，軟體不可被摧毀，充分分散的系統也不可能被完全遏止。
Cypherpunks write code. We know that someone has to write software to defend privacy, and since we can't get privacy unless we all do, we're going to write it. We publish our code so that our fellow Cypherpunks may practice and play with it. Our code is free for all to use, worldwide. We don't much care if you don't approve of the software we write. We know that software can't be destroyed and that a widely dispersed system can't be shut down.
密碼學朋克譴責對加密技術的管制，因為加密技術是私密行動的必需。加密過程本身即是將資訊從公共領域中隱身。即使法律站在我們對立那一邊，它的作用也只限於一個國家的邊界和暴力掌控範圍之內。而密碼學將浩浩蕩蕩地在整個宇宙中傳播，連帶著它支撐起來的匿名交易系統。
Cypherpunks deplore regulations on cryptography, for encryption is fundamentally a private act. The act of encryption, in fact, removes information from the public realm. Even laws against cryptography reach only so far as a nation's border and the arm of its violence. Cryptography will ineluctably spread over the whole globe, and with it the anonymous transactions systems that it makes possible.
要讓隱私權得到廣泛傳播，它必須是一套社會契約的一部分。人們必須聯合起來，為公共利益部署這樣的系統。隱私保護也會有邊界，無法推廣到通力合作的同胞團體之外。我們密碼學朋克也關心你的問題和擔憂，希望我們可以吸引到你，凝集力量。但是，無論你是否支援我們的目標，我們的信條都不會改變！
For privacy to be widespread it must be part of a social contract. People must come and together deploy these systems for the common good. Privacy only extends so far as the cooperation of one's fellows in society. We the Cypherpunks seek your questions and your concerns and hope we may engage you so that we do not deceive ourselves. We will not, however, be moved out of our course because some may disagree with our goals.
密碼學朋克在行動！打造一個保護隱私的網路！志士仁人，同去同去！
The Cypherpunks are actively engaged in making the networks safer for privacy. Let us proceed together apace.
上下而求索！
Onward.
埃裡克·休斯
Eric Hughes1993 年 3 月 9 日
